Following is a short list of terms often used in explaining lean manufacturing: Cellular Manufacturing - the linking of manual and machine operations into the most efficient combination to maximize value-added activities while minimizing waste.  A cell layout is typically U-shaped and utilizes one-piece flow. Kanban System - a pull system that uses color-coded cards attached to parts or part containers to regulate the upstream production and delivery flow. Lean Manufacturing - the process of analyzing the flow of information and materials in a manufacturing environment and continuously improving the process to achieve enhanced value to the customer. Non-Value Added - any activity that does not add market value or function or is not necessary.  These activities should be eliminated, simplified, reduced or integrated. Pull System - method of controlling the flow of resources by replacing only what has been consumed.  A pull system relies on customer demand. Push System - resources are provided to the consumer based on forecasts or schedules.  Lean manufacturing encourages the elimination of push systems. Takt Time - customer demand rate.  Takt time sets the pace of production to match the rate of customer demand and becomes the heartbeat of any lean system.  It is calculated by taking the work time available and dividing it by the number of units sold. Value-Added - any activity that increases the market value or function of the product or service.  These are things the customer is willing to pay for.